Single Board Computers Guide
Performance
The speed and efficiency of an SBC determine its capability to handle intensive tasks and provide satisfactory user experience. One outstanding option is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. It boasts a powerful ARM Cortex-A72 quad-core processor running at 1.5GHz, offering remarkable performance improvements compared to its predecessors. Another notable choice is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit. It is powered by a quad-core ARM Cortex-A57 CPU running at 1.43GHz and features a 128-core NVIDIA Maxwell GPU. These specifications significantly enhance the SBC's compute performance, making it ideal for demanding applications like AI inference and robotics. There is also a mid-tier group of SBCs that include the Orange Pi PC 2 with a quad-core Cortex-A53 processor and the BeagleBone Black with a 1GHz TI Sitara AM335x processor, suitable for less resource-intensive projects.
Processor type
The processor determines the performance and capabilities of the SBC, making it crucial to choose the right one for your specific needs. There are various types of processors available in the market, ranging from ARM-based processors to x86-based processors.
For applications that require low power consumption and compact size, ARM-based processors are a popular choice. Raspberry Pi is a well-known SBC that uses an ARM-based processor, such as the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, which features a quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 64-bit processor running at 1.5GHz.
On the other hand, for applications that require high-performance computing, x86-based processors are a better option. A popular SBC using an x86-based processor is the Intel NUC (Next Unit of Computing) series. The Intel NUC8i7BEH Kit is equipped with an 8th generation Intel Core i7 processor with four cores and eight threads, providing powerful performance for tasks such as video editing or running AI applications.
Memory (RAM)
The RAM capacity determines the SBC's ability to handle multiple tasks simultaneously and efficiently. There are several SBCs available on the market that offer various memory options to cater to different requirements.
One popular budget-friendly SBC is the Raspberry Pi series. The latest Raspberry Pi 4 Model B offers options with 2GB, 4GB, or even 8GB of LPDDR4-2400 SDRAM, providing ample memory for most computing needs. If you need a higher-powered option, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano is a capable SBC designed for artificial intelligence projects. It features 4GB of LPDDR4-3200 RAM, enabling faster processing and handling of data-intensive tasks in AI applications.
For more demanding applications, there are SBCs like the Odroid H2+ that offer expandable memory options. With dual-channel DDR4 slots, the Odroid H2+ supports up to 32GB of RAM, allowing users to upgrade their memory capacity for resource-intensive tasks such as video editing or running virtual machines. Whether you require a cost-effective solution for basic computing or robust RAM capabilities for high-performance projects, considering the memory options is crucial when selecting the best SBC for your specific needs.
Storage capacity
The storage capacity determines the amount of data that can be stored on the SBC, including the operating system, applications, and user data.
One example of an SBC with great storage capacity is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. It offers options of 2GB, 4GB, or even 8GB of LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM. This enables users to choose a board that suits their storage requirements.
Another powerful option is the Odroid XU4, which provides an eMMC module socket, allowing for faster and more reliable storage. The board supports eMMC 5.0, which provides enhanced read and write speeds. It also offers a USB 3.0 port and an SD card slot, providing additional storage options.
Segmenting the market based on storage capacity, we can categorize SBCs into three groups:
- Entry-level: SBCs like the Raspberry Pi Zero W offer limited storage. However, it is an affordable option for beginners or for projects that don't require extensive storage needs.
- Mid-range: SBCs such as the
NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kitoffer a moderate storage capacity, catering to applications that require a balance between performance and storage. - High-end: SBCs in this category such as the
LattePanda AlphaorUDOO Boltcome equipped with higher storage capacities, featuring M.2 interfaces for SSD drives or expanded options for advanced storage solutions.
Remember, storage capacity is an important factor to consider when choosing an SBC as it determines the extent of functionality and flexibility the board can provide.
Operating system compatibility
Not all single board computers support all operating systems, so it's important to choose one that is compatible with your desired operating system. For example, the Raspberry Pi 4 is compatible with a variety of operating systems, including Raspbian, Ubuntu, and Windows 10 IoT Core. It has a Broadcom BCM2711 processor and can support up to 8GB of RAM, making it a powerful choice for running different operating systems seamlessly. Another option is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit, which is compatible with the JetPack SDK and supports various operating systems such as Linux and Ubuntu. Its NVIDIA Maxwell GPU provides exceptional performance for AI and computer vision applications. These are just a few examples of single board computers that offer different levels of operating system compatibility.
Number of USB ports
USB ports are essential for connecting peripherals such as keyboards, mice, and external storage devices. The more USB ports an SBC has, the more flexibility and options you have for expanding your system. Some SBCs even offer USB 3.0 ports, which provide faster data transfer speeds compared to USB 2.0.
Among the SBCs on the market, several products stand out for their generous number of USB ports. For example, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B offers a total of four USB 2.0 ports, as well as two USB 3.0 ports. This provides plenty of connectivity for a wide range of devices. Another option is the Odroid XU4, which features two USB 3.0 ports and two USB 2.0 ports. Additionally, the NanoPi NEO 4 offers one USB 3.0 port and one USB 2.0 port, making it a suitable choice for more modest USB connectivity needs. These SBCs demonstrate the varying number of USB ports available and cater to different user requirements.
HDMI output
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a crucial feature for those looking to connect their SBC to a display or monitor. It allows for high-quality audio and video transmission, making it ideal for multimedia projects, digital signage, or even gaming.
One popular SBC that offers an excellent HDMI output is the Raspberry Pi 4. With two micro-HDMI ports, it supports up to 4K resolution at 60fps. Its improved firmware also enables HDR (High Dynamic Range) support, enhancing the visual experience. Another option is the Odroid N2+, a high-performance SBC with a single HDMI 2.0 port. It can handle 4K resolution at 60fps and supports HDR10, providing exceptional video quality. For those on a budget, the NanoPi M4V2 is worth considering. It comes with an HDMI 2.0 port that supports 4K resolution at 60fps, making it a cost-effective choice for multimedia projects.
It is important to choose an SBC with an HDMI output that meets your specific needs, such as desired resolutions, refresh rates, and additional features like HDR support. The aforementioned SBC models are excellent examples of boards that provide reliable and impressive HDMI output for your projects.
WiFi connectivity
Some notable products that excel in WiFi connectivity include the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, which offers dual-band 2.4GHz and 5GHz WiFi support, enabling faster browsing and seamless streaming. It also includes Bluetooth 5.0 for Bluetooth-enabled accessories. Another impressive option is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano, featuring dual-band 2.4GHz and 5GHz WiFi connectivity for reliable internet access. Additionally, the Nano provides a supportive GPU while consuming low power, making it an ideal choice for AI projects. Both of these SBCs offer exceptional WiFi connectivity options, ensuring a seamless browsing experience and reliable connections for various applications.
Ethernet port
This port allows your SBC to connect to a local network or the internet, enabling data exchange and remote access. There are different types of Ethernet ports available, including gigabit Ethernet, which allows for faster data transfer speeds. If you are looking for an SBC with a reliable and high-speed Ethernet port, two excellent options to consider are the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B and the NVIDIA Jetson Nano.
The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is equipped with a gigabit Ethernet port, providing a fast and stable connection. It also supports Power over Ethernet (PoE) functionality, allowing you to power the board and provide internet connectivity through a single Ethernet cable. Furthermore, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B offers USB 3.0 ports for additional high-speed data transfer options.
Alternatively, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano boasts a gigabit Ethernet port as well, ensuring efficient network connectivity. This SBC is powered by a quad-core ARM Cortex-A57 CPU and includes a powerful GPU, making it suitable for AI and machine learning applications. Moreover, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano supports USB 3.0 ports, HDMI output, and CSI camera interface, providing versatility and expandability for various projects.
Both the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B and the NVIDIA Jetson Nano are excellent choices when considering an SBC with a reliable and high-speed Ethernet port. They offer advanced features and capabilities, making them suitable for a wide range of applications in the field of electronics and embedded systems.
Bluetooth capability
A popular SBC, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, supports Bluetooth 5.0, allowing for faster data transfer and an extended range of up to 240 meters. Additionally, the Jetson Nano Developer Kit features Bluetooth 4.2, enabling seamless connectivity with a variety of devices such as wireless headphones, keyboards, and speakers. For those looking for SBCs specifically designed for industrial applications, products like the Arduino MKR WAN 1300 provide Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) connectivity, which optimizes power usage and maximizes battery life.
These SBCs, along with others, cater to different user needs and provide diverse Bluetooth capabilities. It's essential to understand the specific requirements for your project and choose an SBC that aligns with them.
GPIO pins
These pins allow you to connect and communicate with external devices such as sensors, leds, and motors, expanding the capabilities of your SBC. Different SBCs offer varying numbers of GPIO pins, so it is crucial to choose one that fits your project's requirements.
If you need a significant number of GPIO pins, you might consider some SBCs that cater specifically to this need. The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B offers a robust 40-pin GPIO header, making it a popular choice for projects that require extensive GPIO connectivity. Another option is the BeagleBone Black, which boasts 65 GPIO pins, offering even more flexibility. These SBCs provide ample GPIO pins for connecting multiple sensors, actuators, and other external components without the need for additional expansion boards or complex wiring.
Display interface options
The display interface determines what type of monitor or screen can be connected to the SBC, impacting its versatility and compatibility with other devices. Some common display interface options include HDMI, VGA, DVI, and LVDS.
A popular SBC model known for its display interface options is the Raspberry Pi 4. It offers two micro HDMI ports with support for 4Kp60 and 1080p60 video output, providing a highly capable display connection. Another excellent option is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano, which features a HDMI 2.0a port for impressive 4K video output. Additionally, the Intel NUC (Next Unit of Computing) SBCs are notable for providing multiple display interface options such as HDMI, DisplayPort, and Thunderbolt, ensuring flexibility in connecting different types of displays.
In the market segment of SBCs suitable for industrial applications, the ODROID-H2+ stands out with its range of display interface options, including HDMI, DisplayPort, and eDP (embedded DisplayPort). On the other hand, the BeagleBone Black Wireless caters to the entry-level segment with its HDMI port and support for LCD display connectivity through onboard headers. It's worth considering the specific interface options offered by different SBCs to select one that best aligns with your display requirements.
Size and form factor
SBCs are available in different sizes and form factors, and selecting the appropriate one depends on your specific needs and projects. One popular form factor is the Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi SBCs come in different sizes, such as the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B which measures 3.37 x 2.22 inches, and the more compact Raspberry Pi Zero, which has a size of just 2.56 x 1.19 inches. These compact sizes make them ideal for applications with space limitations or portable projects. Another option is the Arduino Uno, which measures around 2.7 x 2.1 inches and is known for its simplicity and versatility. It is widely used in DIY projects and prototyping due to its ease of use and availability of a large selection of shields and accessories. Additionally, for industrial applications requiring a rugged SBC with a small footprint, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano offers powerful AI performance in a small size of 5.95 x 3.75 inches. It is ideal for applications such as robotics, automation, and edge computing. Evaluating the size and form factor of SBCs is crucial in ensuring compatibility and suitability for your specific projects.
Power supply requirements
These requirements determine the type and capacity of power source needed to efficiently operate the SBC. Most SBCs are compatible with a wide voltage input range, but it's recommended to closely check the specifications to ensure that it meets your needs. For example, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B requires a 5V DC input and supports a voltage range of 4.75V to 5.25V, which can be supplied through its USB Type-C connector. Another option is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit, which operates with a 5V DC input and supports a 4.75V to 5.25V range. It also relies on a standard USB Type-C connector for power supply. Overall, it's important to consult the specifications of different SBCs to ensure they align with your power requirements to facilitate smooth and reliable operations.
Cooling options
Some SBCs generate a significant amount of heat during operation, so it is important to ensure proper cooling to maintain optimal performance and longevity. One popular cooling solution is the use of heatsinks, which are typically made of aluminum and attach to the processor on the SBC to dissipate heat. For instance, the Pimoroni Raspberry Pi Heatsink is a set of three copper heatsinks that are specifically designed for Raspberry Pi boards, allowing for efficient heat dissipation. Another cooling option is the utilization of small fans known as active cooling. A great example is the Noctua NF-A4x20 5V PWM, which can be controlled via Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) to adjust fan speed and minimize noise levels. Additionally, for passive cooling, the FLIRC Raspberry Pi 4 Case serves as a unique option as it utilizes the entire aluminum case as a heatsink and is designed for Raspberry Pi 4 boards.
Grouping Cooling Options:
- Heatsinks: Pimoroni Raspberry Pi Heatsink
- Active Cooling (Fans):
Noctua NF-A4x20 5V PWM - Passive Cooling: FLIRC Raspberry Pi 4 Case
Expandability options
Some SBCs offer expansion slots or connectors that allow for future additions or upgrades. One example is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, which comes with two micro HDMI ports for dual-monitor support, a MicroSD slot for storage expansion, and two USB 3.0 ports for peripherals. Another option is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano, equipped with an M.2 Key-E with PCIe x1 and UART as well as an M.2 Key-M slot for PCIe x2 and SATA support, providing exceptional expansion capabilities. For those needing even greater expandability, there are some SBCs available that provide additional pluggable modules or interchangeable daughterboards, such as the LattePanda Alpha 864. With features like these, ensuring the SBC has ample room for adding extra functionality or connecting to external devices becomes a breeze.
Audio output
Some SBCs provide standard audio output options like stereo line-out or headphone-out, while others offer more advanced features like Hi-Res audio or optical audio output for better sound quality. Additionally, it's crucial to determine the board's ability to support audio codecs such as PCM, I2S, or AC97, depending on the audio equipment you plan to connect to it. For example, the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ is a popular choice in this segment, offering a 3.5mm audio jack with support for stereo audio output. On the other hand, if you require a more robust audio solution, the HiFiBerry DAC+ Pro offers Hi-Res audio output with a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 123 dB. It utilizes the I2S interface and offers compatibility with various SBCs like Raspberry Pi, ASUS Tinker Board, and more. By considering the audio output specifications of different SBCs, you can ensure that the selected board will provide the best audio experience for your specific use case.
Video acceleration
Video acceleration enhances the performance of multimedia applications by offloading certain tasks from the CPU. For users who prioritize video playback or graphic-intensive applications, it is essential to opt for an SBC that supports hardware video decoding, including popular video codecs like H.264 and H.265.
In the market, there are a few prominent SBCs that excel in video acceleration. The NVIDIA Jetson Nano is an excellent choice for advanced video applications, thanks to its powerful GPU with 472 GFLOPS of compute performance and support for 4K 60fps video encoding and decoding. Another noteworthy SBC is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, which offers hardware decoding for H.265 (HEVC) video up to 4Kp60. Additionally, it comes with a VideoCore VI graphics processor that substantially improves multimedia performance compared to previous generations. Both of these SBCs deliver outstanding video acceleration, satisfying the needs of multimedia enthusiasts and developers alike.
Integrated graphics
Integrated graphics determine the visual performance of the SBC, making it crucial for tasks such as video playback, gaming, and image processing. If you require powerful integrated graphics capabilities, consider SBCs like the LattePanda Alpha or Udoo X86 II. These SBCs come equipped with Intel integrated graphics, offering hardware acceleration for demanding tasks. For more budget-friendly options, SBCs like the Raspberry Pi 4 and PINE64 ROCKPro64 offer decent integrated graphics performance suitable for general computing and multimedia applications at a lower price point. It's worth noting that SBCs with more powerful integrated graphics generally prioritize performance over power efficiency, so consider your project's specific requirements to make the right choice.
Digital input/output capabilities
SBCs with reliable digital I/O ports enable seamless communication between the SBC and external devices, allowing for efficient data acquisition or control operations. One example of an SBC with excellent digital I/O capabilities is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. It is equipped with 40 GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) pins, allowing for flexible connection to various devices and peripherals. Additionally, the GPIO pins on the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B support multiple functions such as digital input, output, and support for popular serial communication protocols including UART, I2C, and SPI.
Another notable SBC with impressive digital I/O capabilities is the Arduino Raspberry Pi compatible UNO R3. This board features 14 digital input/output pins, 6 of which can be used as PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) outputs. It also includes 6 analog inputs, providing a versatile range of connectivity options to interface with external digital devices. These digital and analog ports make it suitable for projects that involve sensor integration or digital control systems.
Analog input/output capabilities
This refers to the board's ability to receive and transmit analog signals, which can be utilized to measure and control different forms of analog data. One highly recommended example that excels in analog input/output capabilities is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. This SBC features a 40-pin GPIO header that includes a group of pins specifically designated for analog input and output usage. Additionally, the Arduino Mega 2560 is another exceptional option known for its analog capabilities. It provides a total of 16 analog inputs, allowing users to connect a wide range of sensors and devices that require analog signal processing.
There are also other notable product segments focused on analog input/output capabilities. In the IoT sphere, the Adafruit Feather Huzzah is a powerful SBC that offers both digital and analog input/output pins, making it suitable for wireless sensor applications. For industrial projects, the BeagleBone Black Industrial offers analog input/output support through its programmable real-time units (PRUs), enabling precise control of equipment and devices. These mentioned examples showcase varying levels of analog input/output capabilities, catering to different project requirements and allowing users to make a well-informed choice based on their specific needs.
Serial ports
Serial ports are commonly used to interface with peripherals such as sensors, displays, GPS modules, and industrial equipment. The number and type of serial ports on an SBC can vary, so it is important to examine the specifications to meet specific requirements. Some popular SBCs with robust serial connectivity options include Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, featuring a 40-pin GPIO header that can be configured for UART, SPI, and I2C; the LattePanda Alpha 864, which offers 2x USB 3.0, 1x USB Type-C, and 4x UART/serial ports; and the Udoo Bolt V8, an SBC with 3x USB 3.1, 2x USB-C, and 2x RS-232 serial ports suitable for industrial applications.
Onboard sensors
These sensors can greatly expand the functionality and versatility of the SBC for different applications. For industrial automation, products such as the Strato Pi offers analog input sensors to monitor and control voltage levels, making it suitable for tasks like remote monitoring and process control. On the other hand, for robotics and artificial intelligence projects, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano is a powerful SBC that features onboard sensors like an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) for 3-axis motion sensing, as well as a camera input for computer vision applications.
The market offers a variety of SBCs grouped according to their onboard sensors. Some popular categories include:
- Voice control: SBCs like the BeagleBone AI and AIY Voice Kit come with built-in microphones and support for natural language processing, allowing users to easily implement voice-controlled applications.
- Environmental monitoring: For tasks related to temperature, humidity, and air quality monitoring, SBCs like the Raspberry Pi Sense HAT and Arduino MKR ENV Shield provide a range of onboard sensors specifically designed for these applications.
- Global positioning: SBCs like the Arduino MKR GPS Shield and Uputronics GPS Expansion Board integrate GPS functionality, making them ideal for projects that involve tracking location or outdoor navigation.
IoT connectivity options
It's important to ensure that the SBC has the necessary connectivity capabilities to communicate with other devices and cloud services seamlessly. Some popular connectivity options to look for are:
Raspberry Pi 4: This SBC offers support for both Wi-Fi 802.11ac and Bluetooth 5.0, allowing for wireless connectivity. It also features Gigabit Ethernet for high-speed wired connections.
NVIDIA Jetson Nano: Apart from Gigabit Ethernet, this SBC also offers support for wireless networks through its Wi-Fi 802.11ac and Bluetooth 4.2 modules. It even includes a dedicated MIPI CSI camera interface, making it suitable for IoT applications with image or video processing requirements.
Arduino MKR WiFi 1010: This SBC focuses on wireless connectivity with its built-in Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n and Bluetooth LE modules. It is specifically designed for IoT projects that require low-power consumption.
These SBCs represent different segments of the market, catering to a variety of IoT connectivity needs.
Software support and documentation
It is crucial to ensure that the SBC has robust support from the manufacturer, including regular firmware updates and software compatibility. One example of a single board computer with excellent software support and documentation is the Raspberry Pi 4. This popular SBC has a large community of developers and enthusiasts, resulting in extensive documentation, online forums, and tutorials readily available. Another great option is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano. It offers comprehensive software support, including the NVIDIA JetPack SDK, which provides libraries, APIs, and pre-trained models to facilitate the development of artificial intelligence applications. The NVIDIA Jetson Nano also has detailed documentation and regular updates from NVIDIA, making it an excellent choice for AI-based projects.
Community support
Robust community support means having access to a vibrant developer community, active forums, and a wealth of documentation and tutorials. This can greatly enhance the user experience and troubleshooting process. Raspberry Pi, for example, boasts one of the largest and most active user communities in the single board computer market. Their popular Raspberry Pi 4 Model B offers a wide range of community-supported software and projects, making it an excellent choice for beginners. Similarly, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit has gained popularity among artificial intelligence enthusiasts, thanks to its community support and a dedicated forum where developers can exchange ideas and seek assistance.
Compatibility with specific software frameworks
Some SBCs are specifically designed to work seamlessly with popular software frameworks, enabling developers to leverage powerful features and optimize performance. For instance, if you plan to use machine learning and AI frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch, SBCs with high computing power such as the NVIDIA Jetson Nano or Raspberry Pi 4 are excellent options. These SBCs are equipped with advanced GPUs and CPUs, making them ideal for running complex neural networks and algorithms. Alternatively, if you are interested in robotics frameworks such as ROS (Robot Operating System), you might want to consider SBCs like the ODROID-XU4 or NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX, which provide excellent compatibility and performance for robotic applications. Remember to assess the processing power, memory, and GPU capabilities of SBCs to ensure compatibility with your intended software framework.
Compatibility with specific programming languages
Some SBCs are optimized for certain programming languages, making them more efficient and easier to work with for specific applications. For example, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is an excellent choice for Python programming, as it runs the language exceptionally well and supports a variety of Python libraries. Another great option is the NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit, which is specifically designed for AI and deep learning applications, making it compatible with popular programming languages such as Python and CUDA C/C++. Additionally, the FriendlyELEC NanoPi NEO4 is a compact SBC that is perfect for IoT projects and supports programming languages like Python, C, and C++. To fully utilize the power of these SBCs, it is crucial to ensure their compatibility with the chosen programming language.
Compatibility with specific sensors or modules
The compatibility is largely dictated by the available input/output (I/O) ports on the SBC. It is essential to consider the type and number of I/O ports needed for your project, such as GPIO, I2C, SPI, UART, and more. Some popular options that offer a wide range of I/O connectivity are the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B with 40 GPIO pins, BeagleBone Black with 65 possible I/O pins, and the Intel Edison Arduino Expansion Board featuring four general purpose I/O (GPIO) pins along with multiple UART, I2C, and SPI interfaces. These SBCs can accommodate a myriad of sensors and modules, making them suitable for various projects.
Furthermore, it is important to consider the voltage level compatibility of the SBC with the sensors or modules. Some sensors or modules may require a specific voltage level, such as 3.3V or 5V, for optimum operations. In this aspect, the Arduino Uno is a reliable choice as it offers both 3.3V and 5V power pins, allowing compatibility with a wide range of sensors or modules. Additionally, the Jetson Nano Developer Kit comes equipped with a 40-pin expansion header that supports both 3.3V and 5V interfaces, enabling seamless integration with diverse sensors and modules. These SBC examples provide flexible voltage level support, ensuring compatibility with a variety of sensors or modules.
Industrial-grade certification
Industrial-grade certifications ensure that the SBCs are designed and tested to withstand the harsh conditions typically found in industrial environments. One example of an SBC with industrial-grade certification is the ADLINK CM5-P1000-RTSV, which is certified with the international safety standard IEC 60068-2 series for shock and vibration resistance. Another example is the Advantech PCA-6146B-00A1E, which is certified with ESD level 4 protection, ensuring reliable operation even in electrostatic discharge-prone environments.
There are different groups of SBCs that offer industrial-grade certifications, catering to various industry requirements. One group includes SBCs designed for applications in transportation, such as the Express-HL4 from Axiomtek with EN 50155 and EN 50121 certification, ensuring reliable operation in railway and vehicle systems. For applications requiring enhanced compatibility with legacy systems, the Portwell WADE-L4225-16O is a good choice, as it is certified with rackmount environmental requirements (GR-63-CORE) and electromagnetic compatibility (GR-1089-CORE), combining ruggedness and reliability. Overall, selecting an SBC with industrial-grade certification is crucial for ensuring the longevity and stability of the board in demanding industrial environments.
Quality and durability
You want an SBC that is built with high-quality components and is designed to withstand extended use and harsh operating conditions. One example of a high-quality and durable SBC is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. It features a Broadcom BCM2711 quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC with a clock speed of 1.5GHz, offering excellent performance for various applications. With its solid build and robust design, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is known for its reliability and durability, making it suitable for long-term use.
Another reliable option is the BeagleBone Black Rev C. This SBC is equipped with TI Sitara AM3358BZCZ100 Cortex-A8 32-bit RISC microprocessor running at 1GHz. With a commitment to quality and durability, BeagleBone ensures that its products go through rigorous testing and verification processes, ensuring their reliability even in demanding environments. As a result, the BeagleBone Black Rev C offers excellent longevity and resilience.
It's worth noting that these SBDs are only a couple of examples in a vast market of SBCs, with various brands and models available. The fervent pursuit of quality and durability among manufacturers has led to the development of products catering to specific use cases and industries. Some popular segments in the SBC market include industrial-grade SBCs, rugged SBCs for outdoor applications, and compact SBCs for embedded systems. Examples of products specific to these segments include the UP Core Plus for industrial applications, the UDOO Bolt for rugged environments, and the Jetson Nano Developer Kit for compact and embedded systems. All these SBCs prioritize quality and durability while offering specific features tailored to their intended use.
Operating temperature range
This defines the temperature limits within which the SBC can function properly. It is crucial to choose an SBC with an operating temperature range suitable for the intended application environment. For instance, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B has an operating temperature range of 0°C to 50°C, making it ideal for indoor use in normal ambient conditions. Alternatively, for more demanding environments, the UDOO BOLT GEAR is a robust SBC with an extended operating temperature range of -20°C to 70°C, allowing it to operate reliably in extreme temperature conditions. It is important to select an SBC with an operating temperature range that aligns with the specific environmental requirements.
Customizable options
Different SBCs offer various levels of customization, allowing you to adapt the board to your specific needs. For example, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B provides a range of customization options such as different RAM configurations (2GB, 4GB, or 8GB), multiple USB ports, and various storage options including microSD, USB, and network-attached storage.
For those in need of advanced customization, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano Developer Kit is a powerful option. It offers a variety of interfaces to connect peripherals, like USB 3.0, Gigabit Ethernet, and microSD card support. Furthermore, it comes with GPIO (General Purpose Input and Output) pins that enable you to interface with sensors and actuators directly, making it ideal for AI and machine learning applications.
In terms of different market segments, the SBC product landscape can be divided into two groups: hobbyist/educational boards and high-performance boards. In the hobbyist/educational segment, other notable options include the Arduino Uno Rev3 with its customizable shields and the ODROID-XU4 offering diverse community-supported software and hardware modifications. Alternatively, the high-performance segment provides advanced customization options for demanding tasks, with products like the BeagleBone Black that supports various peripherals and the Intel NUC board series, known for their powerful processing capabilities.
Price
When it comes to choosing the best and right Single Board Computer (SBC), price is often a key consideration. Thankfully, there are a wide range of options available in various price points to cater to different budgetary needs. For those looking for an affordable yet robust option, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is an excellent choice. At an affordable price point, it offers impressive features including a 1.5 GHz ARM Cortex-A72 CPU, up to 8GB of RAM, and USB-3.0 ports for data transfer. Another cost-effective option is the Odroid C4, which provides a solid performance with its 2 GHz Amlogic S905X3 quad-core CPU and support for 4GB of RAM.
For a slightly higher budget, the NVIDIA Jetson Nano is a powerful SBC designed for AI and machine learning applications. Priced at around $99, it boasts a quad-core ARM Cortex-A57 CPU, 4GB of RAM, and an integrated GPU with deep learning acceleration capabilities. On the more premium side, the LattePanda Delta 432 is a high-performance SBC with an Intel Celeron N4100 quad-core CPU, up to 8GB of RAM, and an Intel UHD Graphics 600 GPU. While it comes at a higher price point, it offers exceptional performance that rivals some desktop computers. Ultimately, the choice of an SBC should align with your budget and desired level of performance.
Variety of brands
When it comes to selecting the best single board computer (SBC), one must consider the variety of brands available in the market. Different brands offer their own unique features, strengths, and weaknesses. One popular brand is Raspberry Pi, known for its user-friendly interface, extensive community support, and a wide range of accessories. The Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is a notable example, featuring a powerful quad-core processor, up to 8GB of RAM, and support for dual 4K displays. Another prominent brand is NVIDIA Jetson, which focuses on high-performance SBCs suitable for advanced AI and machine learning applications. The NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX, for instance, is equipped with a powerful SoC, 6-core CPU, and a 384-core GPU, making it an excellent choice for running complex neural networks.
Other brands like Odroid offer a balance between cost and features. The Odroid C4 stands out with its powerful quad-core CPU, 4GB RAM, Gigabit Ethernet, and various expansion options. In the lower-end segment, Orange Pi provides budget-friendly options while still delivering satisfactory performance. The Orange Pi Zero Plus 2 includes a quad-core CPU, WiFi and Bluetooth connectivity, and a range of expansion options. Ultimately, the choice of brand depends on factors such as budget, desired performance, and compatibility with specific projects or applications. By selecting a reputable brand, users can benefit from reliable hardware, regular software updates, and a supportive community.